The first vaccine vial was developed a few centuries ago, and it has resulted in a significant reduction in infectious disease morbidity and mortality. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the discovery of the novel virus and the disease, as well as its steady progression to a global pandemic with confirmed cases and reported deaths, was extremely catastrophic. This resulted in an unexpected need for preventative and cost-effective measures to mitigate the virus's devastating impact, followed by accelerated competition among pharmaceutical behemoths to manufacture and dispense vaccines at an exponential rate. Non-pharmaceutical medications, such as mandated face mask policies, travel restrictions, and widespread disinfectant use, were somewhat effective in mitigating the catastrophic effect.
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Journal of Spine received 2022 citations as per Google Scholar report
