In recent years, significant progress has been made in the fields of adsorption, absorption, and catalytic materials, driven by the needs of various industries. These advancements are crucial for environmental sustainability, energy efficiency, and the development of new technologies. This essay explores the recent innovations in these areas, highlighting the contributions of key industries such as chemical manufacturing, petroleum refining, environmental engineering, and pharmaceuticals. Adsorption is a surface phenomenon where atoms, ions, or molecules from a gas, liquid, or dissolved solid adhere to a surface. This process is widely used in various applications, including water purification, air filtration, and chemical processing.
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