Journal of AIDS & Clinical Research

Antibiotic Resistance of Bacterial Isolates from HIV Positive Patients with Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) in Portharcourt, Nigeria

Abstract

Tchounga S Kemajou, Anslem O Ajugwo, Cyprian E Oshoma and Enabulele OI

This study was carried out to evaluate the prevalence of HIV associated Urinary tract infections (UTI) in Portharcourt Metropolis. 286 urine samples were collected from 246 HIV seropositive and 40 HIV seronegative individuals. Mid stream urine samples collected from these individuals were processed by standard protocols to examine for bacterial opportunistic pathogens. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using Kirby-Bauer’s disc diffusion method. Out of 246 HIV individuals examined, 141 (57.3%) urine samples yielded growth of bacterial isolates, with age group 24-30 years recording the highest number of isolates 45 (32.9%), while those above 44 years old had the least with 11 (7.8%). About 24 (60%) samples out of 40 seronegative individuals yielded growth of bacteria and age group 17-23 years recorded the highest number of isolates 7 (29.1%), while those above 44 years had the least 1 (4.1%). Female individuals recorded the highest number of bacterial isolates than males. A total of 165 bacteria were identified and grouped into four genera out of which Staphylococcus aureus had the highest percentage of occurrence 49 (29.7%), followed by Escherichia coli 47 (28.5%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 46 (27.9%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae 23 (13.9%). Out of 111 bacterial isolates that exhibited multidrug resistance, HIV Seropositive individuals had 103 (92.8%) and HIV seronegative individuals 8 (7.2%). Over all, Staphylococcus aureus recorded the highest number of multidrug resistant bacteria 36 (32.4%), followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa 34 (30.6%). The high levels of multidrug resistance in HIV seropositive individuals are a serious public Health concern. Therefore appropriate health education to reduce selfmedication and drug abuse is very imperative and desirous.