Antibiotics were one of the most significant discoveries of the twentieth century, saving millions of lives from infectious diseases. Because of the high selection pressure from increasing use and misuse of antibiotics over the years, microbes have developed acquired antimicrobial resistance to many drugs. AMR is primarily transmitted and acquired through human-to-human contact both inside and outside of healthcare facilities. A wide range of interconnected factors related to healthcare and agriculture govern the spread of AMR via various drug-resistance mechanisms. The unrestricted use of antimicrobials in livestock feed has been a major contributor to the emergence and spread of AMR. The prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria has reached an unprecedented level worldwide, posing a silent pandemic threat to global public health and necessitating immediate intervention.
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