Hana ALSumri, Linda Fiaschi, Jack Gibson, Manpreet Bains, Lisa Szatkowski
Objectives: To examine the association between PCOS and selected metabolic, pregnancy and neonatal outcomes among pregnant women and their newborns.
Methods: Cohort study using electronic hospital records from two tertiary hospitals in Oman. Data were collected from 922 women, contributing 1,939 pregnancies and 1,721 live born infants, in the period from 1 January 2006 to 31 May 2017. Metabolic, pregnancy and neonatal outcomes in the 305 women with a diagnosis of PCOS were compared to outcomes in 617 women without PCOS using multivariable multilevel regression models.
Results: Women with PCOS were more likely to develop adverse metabolic outcomes during pregnancy compared to women without PCOS, including developing gestational diabetes mellitus (odds ratio (OR) 3.79, 95% CI 2.22, 6.48) and pregnancy induced hypertension (OR 2.81, 95% CI 1.26, 6.24). The odds of adverse birth outcomes of miscarriage (OR 4.43, 95% CI 2.92, 6.71) and preterm delivery (OR 3.46, 95% CI 1.94, 6.16) were also higher, as was the risk of undergoing emergency caesarean section (OR 3.51, 95% CI 1.80, 6.86). Infants born to mothers with PCOS were not at increased risk of macrosomia, low weight for gestational age or low APGAR score, but they were more likely to require admission to a neonatal unit (OR 2.41, 95% CI 1.10, 5.27).
Conclusions: Pregnant women in Oman with PCOS are at a significantly increased risk of metabolic disorders during pregnancy and several adverse birth and neonatal outcomes. Close antenatal monitoring will help early detection and control of metabolic disorders and timely intervention.
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