Environmental monitoring is crucial for maintaining ecological balance and public health. Traditional methods of detecting pollutants and pathogens often face limitations in terms of sensitivity, specificity and real-time monitoring. Bioelectronics, integrating biological components with electronic systems, offers innovative solutions to these challenges. This article reviews the application of bioelectronics in environmental monitoring, focusing on the detection of pollutants and pathogens. We discuss recent advancements, including biosensors, biochips and bioMEMS, highlighting their principles, advantages and potential future developments.
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