Mahender Vatipelli and Ayesha Begum Pathan
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a life-threatening condition seen in diabetes in which body cannot use glucose as a fuel instead uses fat and produces ketones (chemicals) and finally results in diabetic ketoacidosis. Bell's palsy is a sudden weakness or paralysis of the muscles on one side of the face due to mal-function of cranial nerve VII (facial nerve), which stimulates the facial muscles. Bell's palsy affects about 23 of 1,00,000 people at some time. The cause of Bell's palsy is unknown, but it may involve swelling of the facial nerve as a reaction to an immune disorder or a viral infection. Swelling causes the nerve to be compressed and its blood supply to be reduced. In this case facial nerve has got damaged due to diabetic ketoacidosis (mononeuropathy). Risk factors are the virus that have been linked to Bell's palsy include the virus that causes: cold sores and genital herpes (herpes simplex), chickenpox and shingles (herpes zoster), mononucleosis (Epstein-Barr), cytomegalovirus infections, respiratory illnesses (adenovirus), German measles (rubella), mumps (mumps virus), and flu (influenza B). Clinical features include numbness in the face, headache, eye can't get closed and gets dry resulting in eye damage. Diagnosis is done by CT-scan, MRI scan and blood tests. Treatment involves corticosteroids and anti-viral drugs. Bell's palsy can be cured in few months such as 2 to 3 months with regular medications and physiotherapy.
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