Journal of Bioengineering & Biomedical Science

Cell Apoptosis: Mechanisms and Applications in Bioengineering and Biomedical Science

Abstract

Martin Davies*

Cell apoptosis, or programmed cell death, is a fundamental biological process crucial for tissue homeostasis, development, and disease pathogenesis. This abstract explores the mechanisms underlying apoptosis and its applications in bioengineering and biomedical science. Apoptosis is regulated by intricate signaling pathways involving caspases, Bcl-2 family proteins, and mitochondrial dynamics, among others. Dysregulation of apoptosis contributes to various human diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and autoimmune conditions. In bioengineering, understanding apoptotic mechanisms informs the design of therapeutic strategies, such as targeted apoptosis-inducing therapies for cancer treatment or regenerative medicine approaches to modulate tissue repair and transplantation outcomes. Advances in biomedical science leverage apoptosis biomarkers for disease diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring therapeutic responses. This abstract synthesizes current research trends, challenges, and future directions in the study of cell apoptosis, highlighting its multifaceted roles in both basic science and clinical applications.