Journal of Cytology & Histology

Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia: Cytogenetic and Biochemical Consequences and Applications for Diagnosis and Judgment

Abstract

Mahmoud Mohamed Ahmed, ZeinabSalem Said and Sherin Abdel-wahab Montaser

Background: Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is a clonally myelopoliferative disorder of the hematopoietic stem cell. Arginase activity is high during the mitotic cycle. In addition, TGF-β1 is one of cytokines that responsible for immune cell dysfunction in patients with cancer.
Methods: Blood samples from six diagnosed CML cases studied and compared with control subjects. The first three CML cases were in accelerated –phase (AP)-CML which, resistant to chemotherapy. The other three cases responded for the treatment. Cytokinesis Blocked Micronucleus (CBMN) assay, arginase and TGF-β1 levels were estimated for each CML and control groups.
Results and Conclusion: The treatment resistant group is characterized by low incidences of binucleated and necrotic cells and low micronuclei expressions. Whereas, high frequencies of nucleoplasmic bridges (NPBs) were scored (anaphase nucleoplasmic bridges). Increased levels of arginase and TGF-β1 were recorded in the treatment resistant group when compared with control and treated groups. The resistant cases characterized by low incidences of binucleated cells and micronuclei and high count of NPBs explained by the high rate of mitotic division. Whereas, the levels of arginase and TGF- β1 were increased in the resistant cases in comparison with those of treatment responded and control groups. Cytokinesis Blocked Micronucleus assay designed as diagnostic tool for differentiation between responding or resistance chemotherapy in CML cases. Arginase, TGF-β1 levels recorded highly significant rules for the same object.