A cyclopentane polyhydrophenanthrene molecule known as vitamin D is primarily engaged in bone health and calcium metabolism, but it is also implicated in autophagy, gut microbiota regulation, cell proliferation, immune system activity and intestinal barrier integrity. Sunlight, dietary sources and vitamin D supplementation are all sources of vitamin D. Sunlight exposure causes the human epidermis to create vitamin D3, the most useful form of vitamin D. To convert vitamin D into its active form, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, it must go through two hydroxylation events in the liver and kidney. Recent research has uncovered a wide range of intricate roles that contribute to the health of the gastrointestinal tract. Recently, it was suggested that vitamin D administration in addition to conventional eradication therapy might improve H. pylori eradication rates due to its antimicrobial action. Furthermore, it was proposed that low vitamin D levels may possibly have a role in the development of H. pylori infection. When there is a maternal vitamin D shortage, the detrimental effects of celiac disease may start even during foetal life. In addition to being connected with the histological findings of disease severity, vitamin D is also substantially correlated with the integrity of the gut barrier, which constitutes the core of the pathophysiology of celiac disease beginning. The role of vitamin D in maintaining lung function by reducing airway inflammation and inhibiting pathogen airway colonisation lends evidence to the link between this micronutrient and cystic fibrosis. Additionally, CF patients may get anticatabolic effects from this vitamin. Patients with inflammatory bowel disease also benefit significantly from adequate levels of circulating vitamin D, demonstrating the vitamin's role in both induction and remission in these patients. Vitamin D levels in these patients should be closely watched in order to prevent hypo- and hypervitaminosis, despite the fact that the findings addressing the connections between vitamin D, food allergies, diarrhoea and constipation are still debatable. To close the remaining gaps in our understanding of the complicated influence of vitamin D on gastrointestinal homeostasis, more research is necessary.
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