Alzheimer's is the most prevalent form of age induced dementia in modern societies as a neurological disease. Dementia is a rising socio-economic and medical issue with increasing life expectancy. The effect of Alzheimer's disease, including age, sex (females are most likely affected), genetic factor, head injury and Down syndrome has been correlated with several factors. By 2050, the number of people 80 years of age or older would be projected at about 370 million in the world and 50% of people 85 years of age or older suffer from Alzheimer's disease. The disorder is distinguished by the buildup of extracellular amyloid β plaques, neurofibrillary tangles consisting of truncated and phosphorylated protein tau, dystrophic neurites, synapse and neuronal losses, and prominent Gliosis involving changes in morphology and function of astrocytes and microglia.
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