Brain tumors remain a significant challenge in oncology, with high morbidity and mortality rates. Recent advancements in the understanding of tumor biology and technological innovations have led to the development of novel therapeutic strategies. This comprehensive review examines the latest emerging therapies in brain tumor treatment, including immunotherapy, precision medicine, and advanced surgical techniques. We discuss the mechanisms, efficacy, and potential of these therapies, as well as their integration into current clinical practice. By analysing recent clinical trials and research findings, this review aims to provide a thorough understanding of the current landscape and future directions in brain tumor treatment. Traditional treatment modalities, such as surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, often yield limited success and can be associated with significant side effects. However, recent advances in molecular biology, immunology, and medical technology have paved the way for novel therapeutic approaches. This review aims to provide an in-depth analysis of emerging therapies for brain tumors, highlighting their mechanisms of action, clinical efficacy, and potential to improve patient outcomes.
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