Journal of Clinical Case Reports

Fatal Invasive Aspergillosis in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Patient

Abstract

Parahym AMRDC, Neto PJR, Silva CMD, Gonçalves SS, Motta CMDS, Filho GADTMH, Correia TTDS and Neves RP

Invasive aspergillosis (IA) is one of the most common fungal infections in immunocompromised patients. Is an air-borne disease and the majority of patients develop pneumonia or sinusitis. However central nervous system (CNS) aspergillosis may also occur. Infections by Aspergillus fumigatus are most prevalent although in recent years, non-fumigatus Aspergillus species such as A. flavus has become common as causal agents this mycosis. The major risk factors associated include neutropenia, hematological malignancy,andtransplantation of hematopoietic stem cells and solid organs. Therefore, here we report a fatal case of pulmonary aspergillosis and CNS due Aspergillus flavus in neutropenic patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The diagnosis of pulmonary infection was based in the isolation of A. flavus in tracheal secretions associated with the pulmonary infiltration detected in the Chest X-ray. Because of the thrombocytopenia the CNS aspergillosis was diagnosed only by brain magnetic resonance imaging. This case underscores the Importance of IA as a serious disease and late diagnosis leading to a poor prognosis with fatal course due to worsening clinical.