Journal of Phylogenetics & Evolutionary Biology

Genes and Genome of HIV-1

Abstract

Rajarapu G

There are currently various different tests for HIV infections such as HIV antibody test, P24 antigen test, Polymerase chain reaction test (PCR), Fourth generation test and Home test. Even though there is no particular treatment or therapy for HIV, very effective treatment called antiviral therapy, combination therapy, or HAART (highly active antiretroviral therapy) can retain the virus under control and permit someone with HIV to have an active, health life. Some people have acquired the side effects from their medications, such as nausea, diarrhoea, prolonged headaches, depression and mental health problems. Emergency anti-HIV medication (PEP) may stop people becoming infected, but treatment must be started within three days of coming into contact with the virus. HIV symptoms have not appeared in many of the people. Blood test is the only way to find HIV infection. We can reduce the HIV infection by using a condom during sex and reducing the number of partners. HIV regulatory, accessory proteins and envelope proteins are play a major role in vaccine development. Anti-HIV vaccines have required generating neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) and effective T-cell responses. Recently FDA has approved the one vaccine SAV001 for human clinical trial that is very important milestone for vaccine development. This vaccine has the potential to save the lives of people by preventing HIV infection.