Journal of Phylogenetics & Evolutionary Biology

Genome Size and Chromosome Number Relationship Contradicts the Principle of Darwinian Evolution from Common Ancestor

Abstract

Ahmed M El-Shehawi and Mona M Elseehy

Genome is the nucleotide sequence of a haploid genome distributed among certain number of chromosomes. It controls the reproduction of unique features of a species. The relationship between Genome Size (GS) and Chromosome Number (CN) has been a paradox in biology partially because of the shortage in genome size records with detected chromosome number. Genome size databases provided a valuable source for this type of data allowing the study of this relationship in details. In this study, a number of 6052 genome size records with detected chromosome number were used to investigate the relationship between GS and CN and detect the location of human genome. Results showed that there is no correlation between GS and CN, yet CN is fluctuated with increasing GS values. Also, the relationship between Chromosome Number Sets (CNSs) and Average Genome Size (XGS), average Genome Size per Chromosome (GS/Ch), and the Upper Limit of Genome Size per Chromosome (ULGS/Ch) revealed lack of correlations with various degrees of fluctuation. These various types of interrelationships indicate the lack of evolutionary trend between genome size estimates and chromosome number. The human genome was located at 4/6 away from the controversial common ancestor genome and 2/6 away from the largest detected genome. Results of this study contradict the principle of Darwinian evolution from common ancestor and support the independent appearance of living organisms on earth. This will open the door for new explanations for the existence of living organisms on earth based on genome size.