Guan Zhou*
The kidneys are remarkable organs that play a vital role in maintaining the body's internal balance, also known as homeostasis. They are located on either side of the spine, just below the rib cage, and are responsible for filtering blood, removing waste products, balancing fluids, electrolytes, and regulating various other physiological processes necessary for health. The kidneys are constantly at work, filtering out substances that need to be excreted and retaining those that the body needs, ensuring that the body’s internal environment remains stable despite fluctuating external conditions. The primary function of the kidneys is filtration. Blood flows into the kidneys through the renal arteries, which branch off from the aorta. Once the blood enters the kidneys, it is passed through a network of tiny blood vessels called glomeruli.
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