Irene Burguillo Diez
Research that have led to Immune System participation in the pathology of Hypertension are relatively new. Association between HTA and renal disease was
reported on 1879 and the first description of autoimmunity as producing morbid situation appeared on 1904 when the antibodies description causing hemolytic
anemia in the crio hemoglobin paroxysmic where the end of the stated situation by Paul Erlich who established that the organism didn’t hurt himself (horror
autotoxicus) Pioneer observations about participation in experimental models in HTA started to re appear at the end of the last century , however it has been in the
last few decades when an increasingly number of researches have led to stablish in an unmistakable manner the critical role of autoimmunity in the complex etic
pathogenic mechanism which results in the elevation of HTA
Inflammation as manifestation of the immune reactivity of hypertension arterial
Inflammation as a demonstration of the immune reactivity of Hypertension Arterial. It is very well established that the kidneys inflammation, in the arterial wall and
the central nervous system helps development and increases severity of the hypertension.
The potential hypertensive of the inflammation in these target organs has been demonstrated in the studies in which the inflammation has been reduced with a
range of immuno suppressors treatments which result in the prevention or improvement of hypertension in practically all of the hypertense ceps of mice. Even
more, the experimental induction of the renal inflammation is associated with the increase of the arterial hypertension
Renal inflammation induces hypertension as a result of the reduction of the natriuresis by pressure, which is the response of the renal adaptation to a sodium
positive balance. The reduction of the natriuretic response by the increase of the pressure of renal perfusion which is caused by the tubule interstitial inflammation
of the release of oxidative stress with reduce of nitric oxide, increase of the angiotensin activity and the effects profibrotic with losses peritubular capillary. In
the arterial wall, inflammation increases the local produce of reactive species of oxygen, increases the vasoconstrictor tone and suppresses the endothelial
vasodilatation response. In the central nervous system, the inflammation of the areas in the third ventriculus helps lymphocyte migration to the arterial wall
(originator of the vascular inflammation) and stimulates the activity of the sympathetic nervous system which carries not only the increase of the vasoconstrictor
tone, cardiac expense and the reabsorption tubular of sodium, but also, induces the stimulation of various aspects of the immune system.
Lymphocytes participation in the pathology of hypertension arterial
Lymphocytes paper in the pathology of hypertension was initially found in pioneer experiments of Svendsen, who demonstrated that the malnourished mouse
didn’t develop hypertension depending of salt in the model DOCA (deoxycorticosterone). Hypertension development capacity in this phase of the experimental
model was recovered with the lymphocytes transfer. Guzik et al. demonstrated that induced hypertension by angiotensin II was surprised in mice Rag 1 -/-, lacking
lymphocytes, and that the response to angiotensin was restored with the adoptive transfer of lymphocytes T. same resistance to hypertension was demonstrated
in mice Dahl nulls for Rag 1. Lymphocytes B paper was demonstrated by Chan et al., who used mice BAFFR -/- (lacking B cell activation factor-receiver).
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