Roberta Rizzo
The main interest in human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) is correlated with their ability to suppress the proliferation of immune cells and to regulate the transplantation rejection. The mechanisms at the basis of MSCs activity need cell-cell interaction and the expression of molecules induced by the micro-environment. The inhibitory functions of MSCs involve several molecules as hepatocyte growth factor, transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta), interleukin-10 and -2 (IL-10, IL-2), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), and HLA-G antigens. A large consesus has been obtained on the immune-modulatory role of HLA-G molecules produced by hMSCs.
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