Paradoxical cases of psoriatic lesions induced or exacerbated by anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α therapy have been reported more frequently in recent years, but data related to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are rare. A systematic literature review was performed to provide information about this adverse effect in patients with IBD who receive anti-TNF therapy. Paradoxical cases of psoriatic lesions induced or exacerbated by anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α therapy have been reported more frequently in recent years, but data related to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are rare. A systematic literature review was performed to provide information about this adverse effect in patients with IBD who receive anti- TNF therapy. In the last few years, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) antagonists such as infliximab and adalimumab have revolutionized the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and psoriasis.2However, as the use of these biologic agents has increased, reactivation of latent infections, cutaneous reactions (eczematous, neoplastic, granulomatous, and psoriatic lesions), and other side effects have been documented.
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