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Malaria Control & Elimination

ISSN: 2470-6965

Open Access

Is the Current Diagnostic Performance of Three Selected Malaria Rapid Diagnostic Kits in Bono Region in Ghana Comparable to Malaria Microscopy, the Gold Standard?

Abstract

Ofosu Ntiamoah David*, Asamoah Akwasi, Tuekpe Mawuli Ransford, Ankoma Rachel, Amaniampong Nana Boahemaa and Yeboah Freda

Background: Malaria is considered one of the highest killer diseases caused by a protozoan parasite of a severity of genus Plasmodium. The symptoms of malaria appear similarly with symptoms of other diseases and have posed a huge problem in terms of accurate and rapt diagnosis. The purpose of this study was to compare the sensitivity and specificity values of two diagnostic tools; malaria microscopy and rapid diagnostic test kits (using three different RDTs) in the diagnosis of malaria.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on patients at the Holy Family Hospital at Berekum in the Bono East Region of Ghana. One hundred and fifty-five (155) participants were recruited. Their blood samples were taken. The participants were tested for malaria using the Histidine Rich Protein-2 (HRP-2) antigen based RDTs (Carestart, SD-Bioline and First Response) and malaria microscopy was also performed for all participants.

Results: All three RDTs had a 100% sensitivity value and a 98.5% specificity value. The reported positive predictive value and negative predictive values were 92.5% and 100% respectively for all RDTs. All three RDTs had a 95.4% agreement with microscopy.

Conclusion: The studies showed that malaria RDTs used in the region and microscopies were comparable in the diagnosis of malaria.

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