Edwina N Scott
Male breast cancer (MBC) is rare, accounting for less than 1% of all breast cancer and less than 1% of all cancer cases, with less than 0.5% of all cancer deaths in men, annually.MBC usually presents as a firm, painless mass along with palpable axillary nodes, nipple retraction, and ulceration of the skin at presentation. MBC is usually located in the subareolar region, but can also be seen in the upper outer quadrant. As is the case with women, the left breast is involved more predominantly than the right breast, and approximately 1% all of cases are bilateral. Approximately 90% of MBC are invasive ductal carcinomas. Lobular histology is rare, accounting for only 1.5% of MBC. MBC has high rates of hormone-receptor expression; approximately 90% express oestrogen receptor (ER), and 81% express progesterone receptor (PR).
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