Migration is a complex phenomenon that affects not only the individuals who migrate but also the societies they leave and the ones they join. Among the many facets of migration, the role of migrant organizations and networks in the development of social protection is increasingly significant. These organizations and networks serve as vital intermediaries that facilitate the integration of migrants into host societies while maintaining connections with their countries of origin. This article explores how migrant organizations and networks contribute to the joint development of social protection, enhancing the well-being of migrants and fostering socio-economic development across borders. This theory emphasizes the cross-border connections and activities that migrants maintain. It highlights how migrants engage in social, economic, and political activities that span their countries of origin and destination. Introduced by Bourdieu and Putnam, this theory focuses on the resources embedded in social networks. It posits that social capital, derived from relationships and networks, can facilitate access to resources and opportunities. This framework encompasses policies and programs designed to reduce poverty and vulnerability by promoting efficient labor markets, diminishing people's exposure to risks, and enhancing their capacity to manage economic and social risks.
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