Journal of AIDS & Clinical Research

Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Approaches for HIV-1 Latency: A Current Review

Abstract

Naerdi Nerots*

HIV-1 infection remains a global health challenge, with approximately 38 million people living with the virus worldwide. While the advent of highly active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) has significantly improved the prognosis and quality of life for individuals living with HIV-1, a complete cure remains elusive due to the persistence of latent HIV-1 reservoirs. HIV-1 latency refers to the ability of the virus to remain dormant in certain cells, evading immune surveillance and antiretroviral drugs. This latent reservoir poses a major barrier to achieving a functional cure for HIV-1. In this review, we delve into the molecular mechanisms underlying HIV-1 latency and discuss current therapeutic approaches aimed at eradicating or controlling this persistent reservoir.