Arnold Chiari, also known as Chiari malformation (CM), is a congenital anomaly of the cranio-vertebral junction and hindbrain and is characterized by varying degrees of displacement of posterior pit structures from the foramen magnum to the spinal canal with or without other associated intracranial or extracranial defects such as hydrocephalus, syrinx or spinal. In this malformation group In this process, neuronal dysfunction is observed in the brainstem, cerebellum, and cranial nerves as a result of changes in the spinocerebellar axis due to pathologies such as inferior displacement of the cerebellar vermis, medullary fold formation in the dorsal midbrain, medullary curling, and tectal beaking. Evoked potentials (EPs) are important for clinico-topographic and neurophysiological/neuropathological evaluation. In this review, we aim to review CM neuro-radiologically at the diagnosis stage and to emphasize the importance of neurophysiological recognition of CM in the early stage, especially in asymptomatic patients.
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