Nanotechnology has emerged as a promising approach for improving cancer therapy by enhancing drug delivery precision, reducing systemic toxicity and overcoming drug resistance. In this review, we explore the applications of nanotechnology in targeted drug delivery for cancer therapy. Nanoparticles, liposomes, micelles and other nanostructures offer unique properties, such as tunable size, surface functionalization and sustained release kinetics, which enable targeted delivery of anticancer agents to tumor sites while minimizing off-target effects. By encapsulating drugs within nanocarriers and incorporating targeting ligands, stimuli-responsive materials and imaging agents, nanotechnology facilitates site-specific drug delivery, controlled release and real-time monitoring of therapeutic responses. Despite challenges in clinical translation and scale-up, nanotechnology holds promise for revolutionizing cancer therapy and improving patient outcomes through personalized and precision medicine approaches.
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