Nanotechnology has revolutionized biosensor development by enabling precise control over sensor dimensions, surface properties and detection capabilities at the nanoscale. This article reviews recent advancements in nanotechnology-enabled biosensors, highlighting their applications in healthcare, environmental monitoring and food safety. Key trends such as nanomaterial integration, functionalization strategies and enhanced sensitivity are discussed, alongside challenges including biocompatibility, scalability and regulatory considerations. Future prospects focus on the integration of nanotechnology with emerging fields like artificial intelligence and biocompatible nanomaterials for sustainable biosensing solutions.
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