Molecular and Genetic Medicine

Review on Regulation of Epigenetic Mechanism

Abstract

Mark Louis

The transfer of genetic information from the archival copy of DNA to the transient messenger RNA, often followed by the creation of protein, is represented by transcription, translation and subsequent protein modification. Despite having fundamentally the same DNA, every cell in an organism has a different kind and function due to qualitative and quantitative variations in gene expression. Therefore, differentiation and development depend on the regulation of gene expression. Although it is believed that epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation, histone modification and different RNA-mediated processes primarily affect gene expression at the level of transcription, other stages of the process (such as translation) may also be regulated by epigenetic factors. The following will describe how epigenetics works on different circumstances, their role in various diseases and disorders.