Veterinary Science & Technology

Simple Devices to Facilitate the Immunization of Horse for Antivenom/Antitoxin Production

Abstract

Akarin Intaramat, Pachern Puthsorn, Sansaneeyaporn Kittikajhon, Hathaichanok Eamrod and Kavi Ratanabanangkoon

A multi-dose injector to facilitate the immunization of horse by the ‘low dose, low volume multi-site’ protocol in antivenom/antitoxin production is described. With the device, 20 subcutaneous injections of about 0.1 ml of CFA emulsified immunogen around the horse’s neck could be easily accomplished within 3 minutes without any stress to the animal. Also described is an apron to prevent blisters and infection at the injection sites caused by the horse rubbing the neck against stable and soil. These devices have been found to be very useful to the investigator and in reducing the pain and suffering of the horses during immunization for the production high potency antivenom/ antitoxin.