Breast cancer is a complex illness with a range of biological characteristics, behaviour, and therapeutic response. Since there are more and more potentially effective treatment options available, regular clinical management of breast cancer currently relies on the availability of reliable clinical and pathological prognostic and predictive indicators to help clinical and patient decision-making. Histological grade, which represents the morphological assessment of tumour biological properties and has been found to be able to produce significant information related to the clinical behaviour of breast malignancies, is one of the best-established prognostic variables in breast cancer. Multiple aspects of breast cancer biology have been uncovered by genome-wide microarray-based expression profiling investigations, and these studies have also provided more proof that the biological parameters represented by histological grade are significant in defining tumour behaviour. Additionally, research using expression profiling have produced results that are clinically applicable and have considerably increased our understanding of the biology of breast cancer. These studies are currently being evaluated as more accurate prognostic and predictive tools in clinical practise.
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