Journal of Clinical Case Reports

Successful Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement for Severe Aortic Stenosis in a Patient with Idiopathic Pulmonary Hemosiderosis: A Case Report

Abstract

Yuji Otsuka, Takeyuki Sajima, Masamitsu Sanui and Alan Kawarai Lefor

Idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis is a chronic respiratory disorder characterized by repeated episodes of alveolar hemorrhage. Patients with
this disorder have a risk for acute exacerbation and life threatening respiratory failure. To date, it has not been well elucidated whether patients
with idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis can safely undergo cardiac valve surgery. Here we describe a case of successful transcatheter aortic
valve replacement for severe symptomatic aortic stenosis in a 75-year-old man with idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis. Since a wide range of
physiological alterations resulting from cardiopulmonary bypass have the potential to trigger life-threatening alveolar hemorrhage, it is prudent
to avoid conventional valve replacement surgery in these patients. To maximize patient safety, transcatheter aortic valve replacement is an
acceptable alternative.