Oxidative stress is thought to be a major contributor to a variety of diseases. A plethora of methods for measuring the extent and nature of oxidative stress have been developed and used in virtually all diseases, ranging from DNA oxidation to proteins, lipids and free amino acids. Increased understanding of disease biology and redox biology has resulted in more specific and sensitive tools for measuring oxidative stress markers, which are very diverse and sometimes very low in abundance. The literature is extremely diverse. It is often difficult to draw broad conclusions about the significance of oxidative stress biomarkers because only a small proportion of diseases have used a variety of different biomarkers and different biomarkers have been studied.
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