Biomarkers have become indispensable tools in modern chemical pharmacology. These molecular indicators offer valuable insights into the efficacy and safety of drugs, providing crucial data that can guide drug development and patient treatment. This article explores the pivotal role of biomarkers in enhancing drug efficacy and safety, shedding light on their applications in various stages of drug development, from target identification to clinical trials and personalized medicine. We delve into the diverse types of biomarkers, their mechanisms, and their potential to revolutionize the pharmaceutical industry. Additionally, we discuss the challenges and opportunities associated with biomarker utilization and their impact on the future of pharmacology.
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