Objective: To systematically review the impact of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) on quality of life (QoL) among cancer patients.
Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted in databases including PubMed, Cochrane Library and PsycINFO for studies published up to July 2024. Inclusion criteria encompassed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-experimental studies evaluating MBSR interventions in adult cancer patients, with QoL as a primary or secondary outcome. Data on study characteristics, participant demographics, intervention details and QoL outcomes were extracted. A meta-analysis was performed to determine the overall effect of MBSR on QoL, with subgroup analyses based on cancer type, stage and MBSR duration.
Results: A total of 20 studies involving 1,200 participants were included. The meta-analysis indicated a moderate effect size for MBSR in improving QoL (Standardized Mean Difference [SMD] = 0.45, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] [0.35, 0.55]). Subgroup analyses showed that MBSR was particularly effective for patients with breast cancer (SMD = 0.50, 95% CI [0.38, 0.62]) and those in the early stages of treatment (SMD = 0.48, 95% CI [0.36, 0.60]). Variability in intervention protocols and outcome measures were noted.
Conclusion: MBSR demonstrates a moderate improvement in QoL for cancer patients, with notable benefits observed in specific cancer types and treatment stages. The findings support the integration of MBSR into cancer care, though further research is needed to optimize program delivery and assess long-term effects.
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