The global energy landscape is undergoing a profound transformation, driven by the urgent need to address climate change, ensure energy security, and promote sustainable economic growth. At the heart of this transformation lies the critical role of energy consumers. The traditional model of centralized energy generation and distribution is giving way to a more decentralized, cleaner, and consumer-driven approach. This article presents a comprehensive review of the literature, examining the significance of energy consumers for the development of affordable and clean energy from both management and policy perspectives. The energy sector is evolving rapidly due to a confluence of factors, including technological advancements, environmental concerns, and changing consumer preferences. These changes are reshaping the energy landscape, moving it from a fossil fuel-based, top-down system to a more sustainable and consumer-oriented paradigm.
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