Biosensors & Bioelectronics

The Unification of Coulomb's Electrostatic Law with Newton's Gravitational Law: A Generalized Model

Abstract

Fritz C Jacobs*

Our search for the unification of electrostatic force and gravity is one of the most pressing research areas. Sir Newton’s universal gravitational constant G is and has been the key constant in the calculations of classical mechanics for the gravitational potential and force of attraction between two masses, as well as the motion in the solar system. Recent research work on gravity focused on finding low-frequency gravitational waves. In this paper it is shown that, Newton’s gravitational law and Coulomb’s electrostatic law are manifestations of the same fundamental interactions. G depends on the quantum physical composition of matter, being the atomic number/protons (Z) to atomic mass number (A) ratio. All planets orbiting the sun yield, within statistical significance, the same G. However, the reference frame of atomic nuclei is distinctly different for each element and from that of the solar/planetary system. In addition, the definition of what Newton called “gravity” is rooted in the relation of all orbital motion to Kepler’s third law. Kepler’s third law (α=R³/T²) and Sir Newton’s law of gravitational attraction (F=-GMm/R²) are fundamental references for orbital motion. After the full derivation, it is also shown that the coulomb force of attraction (F= -q²/(4πε_oR²)) in the hydrogen atom yields a significantly same result as the Newtonian force of attraction between the proton and electron in the hydrogen atom, with a gravitational constant of 7.55 × 1028 N.m².kg^-2. It is shown that the unifying gravitational constant for all matter of nature is G=Z/A {1.525 1892 × 10²⁹} N.m².kg^-2. It is further hypothesised, based on the outcome of the theoretical derivation and correlation of the results between the coulomb and gravitational forces that gravity is electrostatic in nature and that they are reciprocally special cases of the general formula derived and presented in this paper.

The conclusions drawn from the results are supported by the analyses of information, using existing solar system/planetary data and atomic physics data. The results were correlated and confirm the hypotheses.