The anaesthesiologist’s job includes securing an airway. When compared to adults, juvenile patients have substantial anatomical and physiological variations, which have an impact on the techniques and instruments that an anaesthesiologist may use to ensure safe and effective airway management. Furthermore, there are a variety of clinical disorders that exhibit distinct anatomical or functional challenges in airway control, which are most commonly found in children. A "difficult airway" can be predicted if one of these syndromes or diseases is present. There are several gadgets and technologies on the market now that are meant to help with airway control. Some have been adapted from adult designs, but many require method adjustments to accommodate for the anatomical and physiological variations of juvenile patients. This review focuses on paediatric airway examination and care, as well as the special issues that these patients face.
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