Pratibha Kamble, Sameer Kulkarni and Dayanand A. Bhiwgade
Etoposide is well-known drug long been used in clinical trials for treating various cancers. The beneficial action of drug can be used in treatment of small cell and non-small cell lung cancer, lymphoma and ovarian cancer. In this study we examined the effect of etoposide on morphological structure of renal tissue. Studies showed that long-term treatment of etoposide given at dose of 1 mg/kg i.p for period of 8 weeks resulted in histological changes that are associated with dilated proximal convoluted tubules (PCT) with enlarged lumen (L) and vacuolation in their epithelium around nucleus. The onset of necrosis and atrophied glomerulus is also observed. Additionally, ultrastructural studies showed presence of mitochondria in segments and lumen with broken microvilli. Furthermore, biochemical finding’s in etoposide treated kidney displayed significant increase in Glutathione-STransferase (GST), Glutathione Peroxidase (Gpx) and decrease in glutathione reductase (GR), gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) activities however, glutathione (GSH), Catalase (CAT) and Lipid peroxidation (MDA Content) showed non-significant decrease. The drug metabolizing enzyme’s Cytochrome p450 (Cyp450) showed no change whereas, Cytochrome b5 (Cyp b5) showed significant decrease. Thus we conclude that etoposide does not cause nephrotoxic effect at given dose level.
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