For the manufacture of biopharmaceuticals, vaccines, enzymes, plasma proteins, and antibodies, plants provide a reliable and affordable expression method. Recombinant protein production benefits from plants are appealing. Plant systems are more cost-effective because they may be manufactured on a greater scale than commercial techniques that use fermentation of bacteria, yeast, or expensively cultivated animal or human cell lines. When compared to bacterial and mammalian expression systems, the creation of recombinant proteins is risk-free and free of impurities. The risk of contamination by possible human pathogens is further reduced because plants do not serve as hosts for infectious diseases that affect humans. Plants are capable of post-translational changes that are similar to those found in naturally occurring systems. However, the expression levels are used in a commercial and economical way.
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