Mechanisms behind the association
The mechanisms behind the association between magnesium deficiency and insulin resistance/type 2 diabetes are not entirely understood. One proposed mechanism is that magnesium deficiency leads to oxidative stress and inflammation, which have been shown to play a role in the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Magnesium deficiency also alters the expression of several genes involved in glucose metabolism, leading to impaired insulin sensitivity. Additionally, magnesium deficiency may alter the gut microbiota, which has been shown to play a role in glucose metabolism and insulin resistance [4,5].