Magnesium deficiency is prevalent worldwide, and several studies have linked it to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Magnesium plays a crucial role in glucose metabolism, and magnesium deficiency reduces insulin sensitivity, leading to impaired glucose uptake and increased insulin secretion. The mechanisms behind the association between magnesium deficiency and insulin resistance/type 2 diabetes are not entirely understood, but oxidative stress, inflammation, altered gene expression, and gut microbiota have been proposed as potential mechanisms. Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms behind this association and to determine the impact of magnesium supplementation on the prevention and treatment of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.