Archives of Surgical Oncology

Background: Studies have shown differences in Hormonal Receptor Status (HRS) of Oestrogen Receptor (ER), Progesterone Receptor (PR) & Her-2/neu expression among Breast cancer women of different racial and ethnic groups, however to the best of our knowledge at Pakistan level no such study has been conducted separately to evaluate the differences in HRS by ethnicity. Objectives: To evaluate Ethnic Differences in HRS among Breast Cancer Women at our institute JPMC, the largest public sector tertiary care hospital in Karachi. Materials & Methods: The study consisted of 450 breast cancer women of different ethnicities who visited oncology ward from 1st June 2017 to 31st July 2018. Data from patients was collected regarding tumour histology, grade, HRS & ethnicity. Data analysed in SPSS version 20 using the Chi-Square Test to compare differences in HRS of different ethnicities. Results: The mean age of patient was 46.57 years. The Urdu speaking Patients outnumbered other ethnicities. Overall HRS showed ER+ 61.30%, PR+ 53.30%, Her-2/neu+ 33.10%, Triple Positive 14.2% and Triple Negative 20.90%. However, analysis of HRS as per ethnicity showed that ER was proportionately more positive in Photon’s patients at the rate of 75.7% as compared to Urdu Speaking 60.4%, Punjabis 60%, Sindh is 56.7% and Balochis 61.1%. Similarly, PR and Her-2/neu receptor were also more high-flying in Push toons at the rate of 64.9% & 40.5% respectively. The behaviour of Triple Positivity was also more prominent in Push toons at the rate of 24.3% and the Push toons were also proportionately less likely to be Triple Negative at the rate of 13.5% as compared to other ethnicities. Conclusion:In this study we observed relatively high expression of ER, PR and Her 2/neu Receptors in Push toons as compared to other ethnicities. Understanding the factors underlying these differences may provide further insight into the breast cancer etiologic in different populations. However, it is an ongoing study, let the number of patients be further increased and then see either the same trend continues or vice versa. More studies are required on a larger scale in different parts of the country to reach a conclusion regarding ethnic differences in Hormonal Receptor Status among Breast Cancer Women in Pakistan.

Background Neuroendocrine tumours are rare lesions most typically found incidentally in examination procedures manifested as submucosal lesions or tiny polyps. Incidence is rumoured around one-2 cases for each 1,000,000. Most of sort one system tumours are found as tiny polyps situated at either anatomical structure or viscus corpus. We gift a case of a forty-eight-year previous male with history of blood vessel cardiovascular disease, with severe malignant anaemia and stool that examination procedure was invited. examination findings were symptom inflammation and 2 tiny viscus polyps Paris ISSP and Is. Pathology rumoured sort one system tumour. because of the absence of metastasis or locoregional invasion, conservative management was done via laparoscopic subtotal surgical operation with previous examination submucosal tattoo delimiting the distal and proximal borders of malady. lastly associate optimum treatment for sort one system tumours is controversial. Conservative management is associate accepted conduct in cases wherever native malady is confirmed. a technique higher to raise to higher} optimize the operation is to be able to better determine the affected viscus areas via examination marking. Discussion & Conclusion Neuroendocrine tumours are rare entities for which it is essential to have a high index of suspicion in order to carry out a correct diagnostic and therapeutic approach according to what is established in the clinical guidelines. Their management is based on the tumour subtype and histological features, the extent of locoregional spread, and the presence of metastasis. In the case presented, the diagnostic and therapeutic approach was discussed by our interdisciplinary team since the initial report of gastric adenocarcinoma was not consistent which the clinical presentation and endoscopic findings. Also, in areas where endoscopic ultrasound is hard to perform, imaging and surgical valuation becomes important in defining the extent of invasion. Therefore, we opted for a subtotal gastrectomy with the help of endoscopic tattooing in order to limit the resection area. This being a useful technique to offer patients a better quality of life as well as a speedy recovery

Introduction: Histiocytic Sarcoma is a rare neoplasm which causes less than 1 percent of all malignancies of hematologic origin. The biological behaviour of this neoplasm resembles that of lymphoma; however, its cell line is histiocytic and anon-lymphoid. Thereafter, the malignant cell of the histiocytic sarcoma shows morphological and immune-phenotypic characteristics of the histiocyte of mature origin. In the most recent 2016 revision, the WHO classified histiocytic sarcoma inside the macrophage along with other histiocytosis and stroma derived dendritic cell tumours. Case Report: A 70-year-old female with Histiocytic sarcoma of the left proximal tibia which presented as a solitary lytic lesion with pain in the left knee since 3 months. We here in describe a rare differential to a solitary lytic bone lesion without constitutional symptoms which was treated by our own conventional method. Conclusion: Though Histiocytic Sarcoma is a rare bony lesion; we should be aware of its presence and perform biopsy and immunohistochemistry in all lytic bone lesions.

Objectives: To contemplate the epidemiological, indicative, remedial and prognostic parts of gastric adenocarcinoma at the Joliot Curie Institute in Dakar. Materials and Methods: We directed a review concentrate over a sevenyear time frame from January 2010 to December 2017 at the Joliot Curie Institute in Dakar. All instances of gastric adenocarcinoma demonstrated by fibroscopy followed by histology or demonstrated on the histological examination of a careful example were considered. The boundaries considered were age, hazard factors, phases of the sickness, therapy and guess. Results: There were 54 instances of gastric adenocarcinoma over a time of 7 years. The normal age was 54.74 years with limits of 25 and 84 years. A male prevalence was noted (35/54). The principle hazard factors found were liquor (5/54), tobacco (13/54), Helicobacter pilori (4/54), gastric ulcer (12/54). Epigastralgia was the most incessant clinical indication. FOGD was completed in 77.8% of patients. Histology was acquired before a medical procedure in 40 patients (74.1% of cases) and on the working room in 14 patients (25.9%). Patients were named stage II in 2/54 cases, stage III in 5/54 cases and stage IV in 47/54 cases. Gastro-entero-anastomosis was the principle surgery performed. Outer radiotherapy was acted in 1/54 patients. Chemotherapy was done in 52/54 patients, 96.3% of the cases. It was palliative in 66.7% of cases, neoadjuvant in 1.9% of cases, adjuvant in 24.1% of cases, perioperative in 3.7% of cases. Mortality was 79.6%. Patient endurance times were moderately short: in under a half year 24/54 cases, 13/54 cases between 6 - a year, 5/54 cases between 13 - two years and 6/54 cases past two years. 6/54 patients were lost from see. End: Gastric adenocarcinoma is analyzed recently in our conditions. It is answerable for a high death rate. Palliative treatment is frequently the solitary choice on account of the deferral in finding.

Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) may be a significant cellular stress response protein that has intrinsic and extrinsic pathways to guard cells against apoptosis. it's one among the foremost induced proteins in cancer cells. The aim of this study is to research the many role of the HSP70 expression in Egyptian patients with carcinoma (BC) and its potential to be as a diagnostic and prognostic marker. Materials and Methods: HSP70 was examined in 155 cases during this prospective study; patients were subdivided into 3 groups: 60 patients with malignant metastatic disease, 60 patients with malignant nonmetastatic disease, and 35 patients with benign lesions as control. HSP70 expression was detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Results: Most cases of carcinoma expressed HSP70 in both serum (98.3%) and tumour tissue (90%). a robust direct correlation was found between HSP70 IHC and ELISA (r ¼ 0.811). The mean HSP70 levels, as detected in both patients’ serum by ELISA and tumour tissue by IHC, was significantly higher in patients with BC than in benign cases (P ¼ .001). HSP70 was significantly higher in patients with metastatic BC than in those with non-metastatic BC (P ¼ .001). HSP70 showed direct correlation with tumour size (pT stage) and number of lymph gland metastases (P .001). Conclusion: HSP70 is over-expressed in patients with metastatic and non-metastatic BC than in benign cases. A high level of HSP70 either in patient’s serum or in tumour tissue correlated significantly with advanced disease in patients with BC. This present study suggests that HSP70 can function a BC biomarker for early screening, diagnosis, and follow-up.