International Journal of Neurorehabilitation

Pulmonary fibrosis is an adjacent sequel of COVID-19 leading to long-lasting respiratory complications and activity limitations of pulmonary function. A small proportion of post-COVID-19 cases with severe complaints of the development of lung fibrosis. The elderly, especially those who are challenged with Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and mechanical ventilation are the top-most threat for developing such lung fibrosis.

Pulmonary rehabilitation is favorable for minimizing the symptoms following a structured pulmonary rehabilitation program designed by specialized professionals. Here, presents a case of successful pulmonary rehabilitation of a patient with post-COVID-19 pulmonary fibrosis following the supplementary pulmonary rehabilitation exercise protocol under the department of physiotherapy and rehabilitation. Respiratory physiotherapy is the gold standard for maintaining cardiorespiratory fitness and overall, quality of life. This case suggested the consequence of pulmonary rehabilitation programs for post-COVID-19 pulmonary fibrosis survivors.

Background: The prevalence of acquired brain injury is on a steady rise globally. This has important implications for individuals, their families, broader society, and even the socioeconomic landscape of countries. Addressing the complexity of these impairments is challenging, especially in individuals with severe impairments. Several health professionals highlight the Affolter Modell® as an effective method for enhancing basic perceptual and cognitive functions in relation to sensory stimuli processing, potentially impacting higher cognitive functions such as planning and problem solving in daily tasks. Unfortunately, the Affolter Modell® lacks scientific evidence, which hinders its widespread use in neuro-rehabilitation.

Objective: This protocol aims to explore the potential benefits of Guided Interaction Therapy (GTIT), the Affolter-Modell ®, for adults experiencing severe impairments after acquired brain injury.

Methods: The protocol uses a PICO framework (Population, Phenomenon of Interest, Context) to establish search algorithms for databases like MEDLINE, Cinahl, PsycINFO and EMBASE, and conducting searches in German national and regional library databases to find studies published in German and Switzerland. Two reviewers independently screen titles, abstracts and full-text articles using the convidence software to determine if they meet the inclusion criteria. Included studies undergo evaluation using a design-specific quality assessment template, i.e. the appropriate CASP checklist. Finally, the reviewers develop and pilot-test a data extraction template to ensure a systematic approach to data collection and analysis.

Results: The results will generate an overview of the existing knowledge on GTIT. The findings will clarify the documentation on GTIT, highlighting its potential integration into neurorehabilitation after ABI and specifying its applicability. Moreover, the results will shed light on any research gaps concerning GTIT.

Conclusions: This scoping review aims to raise awareness of the foundational knowledge underpinning GTIT. Additionally, it will serve as an initial phase in a larger study exploring the practice and evidence base on GTIT.

Background and purpose: Coma is the prolonged period of unconsciousness immediately following traumatic brain injury. Coma is one of the results of brain injuries on the other hand; sensory deprivation is one of the complications, which have a high risk in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) wards for these patients. Cause of nature of illness they are keeping in emphatic environments that it could lead to decreasing sensory inputs and in this condition brain does not have a normal level of brain activity and consequently would lead to sensory deprivation. The study was done to find out the effectiveness of coma stimulation program in traumatic brain injuries.

Design and setting: A randomized control trial study. The study was conducted at Sri Aurbindo Institute of Medical Sciences Indore.

Subjects: The traumatic brain injury patients who admitted at study center and further met the inclusion criteria selected as subjects during specified schedule. A total of 15 traumatic head injury patients who were diagnosed as specified types of traumatic brain injury were purposively selected from the in-door patient department at Sri Aurobindo institute of medical sciences. To all the subjects one session of coma stimulation program with two sessions of conventional physiotherapy were given for 4 weeks.

Outcome measure: Glasgow coma scale.

Results: Statistical analysis results showed significant improvement in level of consciousness in all the cases of traumatic brain injury received coma stimulation program. Frontal contusion injuries showed higher gain followed by temporoparietal contusion and parietal contusion injuries.

Conclusion: The results suggest that coma stimulation program is better treatment in frontal contusion injuries followed by temporoparietal and parietal contusion injuries.

Objective: To review the current status of the contribution of connectionism to the understanding of the participation of the right cerebral hemisphere in metaphor interpretation and semantic processing.

Materials and methods: Literature review and discussion of recent advances in the field. The subject is illustrated with a real case of a right-handed man in whom an ischemic stroke was at the origin of metaphor interpretation impairment.

Results: The interpretation of new, previously unknown, metaphors seems particularly sensitive to lesion of the right cerebral hemisphere. Both hemispheres and different cortical zones are implicated, however, their engagement does not appear to be static and vary according to the requested task. Impairment in working memory can also influence the clinical performance on metaphor interpretation after cerebral damage.

Conclusion: The participation of the right cerebral hemisphere to metaphor processing highlights the necessity to conceive the semantic processing in the form of a system of distributed networks. The clinical consequences of right hemisphere damage are detectable and quantifiable in the acute setting.

Introduction: A non-invasive form of neuromodulation known as transcranial pulse stimulation (TPS) makes use of a neuro-navigated device to deliver brief, recurrent shockwaves. These pulses may cause a wide range of vascular, metabolic, and neurotrophic changes, according to current research. In a clinical pilot study for improving cognition in mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's, this relatively new CE-marked treatment produced its first promising results. Because there is a lack of data from other centers, we examined the safety and pilot real-world short-term TPS results from the first center in Germany. To acquire data about impacts in various stages, patients with gentle as well as moderate-to-extreme Alzheimer's were examined.

Methods: Before and after the first stimulation series, 11 patients were examined for cognitive and emotional function in a retrospective manner. The impact was surveyed utilizing a few neuropsychological tests [Alzheimer's Illness Evaluation Scale (ADAS), including the ADAS mental score (ADAS Pinion) and ADAS emotional scores, Smaller than expected Mental Status Assessment (MMSE), and Montreal Mental Evaluation (MoCA)] remembering for examination between the gatherings of gentle to-extreme patients. Numeric Rating Scales (NRS) were also used to examine subjective improvement in symptom severity, potential effects on depressive symptoms, and side effects.

Results: In only 4% of sessions, side effects occurred that were only brief and of moderate subjective severity. Patients fundamentally worked on in the ADAS and ADAS Pinion, while there was no massive impact in MMSE and MoCA. The self-reported severity of symptoms significantly improved among patients. Also significantly improved were the ADAS subscale measures of depressive symptoms. There was no significant correlation between clinical improvement and baseline symptom severity, according to statistical data analyses.

Conclusion: TPS may be a protected and promising extra treatment for Alzheimer's, in any event, for moderate-to-serious patients. More studies with sham control groups and long-term effects on patients are needed. In addition, in order to comprehend this novel method of neuromodulation, translational research on the mechanisms of action and effects on the physiology of cerebral networks will be required.

Introduction: Obsessive conditions of recuperation after unconsciousness because of a serious cerebrum injury are set apart with changes in primary network of the mind. The purpose of this study was to determine if there was a topological correlation between the degree of functional and cognitive impairment and white matter integrity in coma patients.

Methods: A probabilistic human connectome atlas was used to calculate structural connectomes from fractional anisotropy maps of 40 patients. We utilized an organization based insights way to deal with distinguish potential cerebrum networks related with a better result, evaluated with clinical neurobehavioral scores at the patient's release from the intense neurorehabilitation unit.

Results: We distinguished a subnetwork whose strength of availability corresponded with a better result as estimated with the Handicap Rating Scale (network based measurements: t >3.5, P =.010). The thalamic nuclei, putamen, precentral and postcentral gyri, and medial parietal regions were all part of the subnetwork, which predominated in the left hemisphere. The score and the subnetwork's mean fractional anisotropy value had a Spearman correlation of=0.60 (P.0001). The Coma Recovery Scale Revised score was correlated with a smaller overlapping subnetwork that mostly consisted of left hemisphere connectivity between the thalamic nuclei and the pre- and post-central gyri (network-based statistics: t >3.5, P =.033; P.0001, Spearman's=0.58).

Conclusion: The current discoveries propose a significant job of primary network between the thalamus, putamen and somatomotor cortex in the recuperation from trance like state as assessed with neurobehavioral scores. These structures are a part of the motor circuit, which is responsible for creating and modifying voluntary movement, as well as the forebrain circuit, which is thought to be responsible for maintaining consciousness. As social evaluation of cognizance relies intensely upon the indications of intentional engine conduct, further work will explain whether the distinguished subnetwork mirrors the primary design fundamental the recuperation of awareness or rather the capacity to convey its substance.