Journal of Anesthesiology and Pain Research

Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis (IGM) is a rare, benign, chronic inflammatory condition of the breast with an unknown cause. It often presents with a prolonged or recurring course, making diagnosis challenging due to its similarity to other breast conditions and requiring the exclusion of other granulomatous diseases. Without established management guidelines, treatment approaches remain inconsistent and range widely from observation to surgery, immunosuppressive therapy, or multimodal treatment. The recurrence rate is high, and there is no universal consensus on long-term management.