Journal of Biodiversity & Endangered Species

Utilizing supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO₂) in biologically extracted chitin hydrogels presents a promising approach for scaffolding human osteoblasts. Chitin, a biopolymer derived from crustacean shells, is widely recognized for its biocompatibility and potential in tissue engineering. In this article, we explore the utilization of scCO₂ as a green solvent to fabricate chitin hydrogels, focusing on its effectiveness as a scaffold for promoting osteoblast growth and differentiation. We discuss the advantages of scCO₂ processing, including its mild conditions, ability to maintain biomolecule integrity and environmentally friendly profile. Moreover, we review the current research and applications of chitin hydrogels in osteoblast scaffolding, highlighting their role in enhancing bone regeneration and repair. This review underscores the potential of scCO₂-treated chitin hydrogels as advanced biomaterials for orthopedic applications, offering insights into future directions and challenges in this burgeoning field.

Temperature and humidity are critical environmental factors influencing soil respiration rates, particularly in thermokarst depression zones. Understanding these effects is essential for predicting carbon dynamics in permafrost-affected regions. This article reviews current research on how temperature and humidity variations influence soil respiration in thermokarst depressions, highlighting the mechanisms involved and the implications for climate change. Key findings suggest that higher temperatures generally increase microbial activity and carbon release from soils, while humidity moderates these effects by influencing substrate availability and microbial physiology. Moreover, the unique characteristics of thermokarst depressions, such as increased waterlogging and organic matter accumulation, further complicate the relationships between temperature, humidity, and soil respiration. Future research directions emphasize the need for integrated studies that consider both abiotic and biotic factors to improve predictive models of soil carbon dynamics in these vulnerable ecosystems.

Urban green spaces, encompassing parks, gardens and urban forests, play a pivotal role in enhancing public health and well-being. This article explores the multifaceted impact of urban green space creation on human health. It examines the physical, mental and social health benefits derived from access to green spaces in urban settings. Drawing upon scientific research and case studies from various cities worldwide, the article highlights how green spaces mitigate urban environmental challenges, promote physical activity, reduce stress and foster community interaction. Moreover, it discusses the implications for urban planning and policy-making, emphasizing the importance of integrating green spaces into urban development strategies to create healthier and more sustainable cities.

Fallow agroforestry systems play a crucial role in tropical dry forest management, contributing to biodiversity conservation, soil fertility restoration and sustainable land use practices. This article explores the dynamics of secondary succession within fallow agroforestry systems in tropical dry forest regions. It examines the ecological processes driving succession, the role of tree-crop interactions and the implications for biodiversity and ecosystem services. Key findings highlight the resilience of fallow agroforestry systems in fostering biodiversity recovery and enhancing ecosystem functions. Practical implications for sustainable land management and policy recommendations are discussed to promote the integration of fallow agroforestry into broader conservation strategies.