Journal of Brain Research

Brain Water Metabolism (BWM) is involved in intercellular communication, transit of substrates, gases, drug delivery, spreading of malignant tumors. Various neurological conditions are accompanied by impaired BWM (e.g. idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus, syringomyelia, migraine, stroke, Alzheimer’s disease, etc.) The Extracellular Fluid (ECF), surrounding the neurocytes and the glia, circulates in the nanodimentional Extracellular Space (ECS), where its flow obeys the slip-flow principles of nanofluidics. The conventional view argues, however, that the nanodimentional ECS presents a diffusion barrier where convention is prohibited. A computer model has been developed revealing new features of BWM. The references are also presented, listing the AQP4-targeted drugs to be used in the therapy of brain edema. The research results may find their use in wide areas of neurobiological research, the drug therapy of water-metabolism-disorder conditions and targeted drug delivery.

Brain trauma often leaves patients in a confused state, presenting significant challenges for diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation. Traditional methods may fall short in adequately assessing and managing these patients due to the complexity of their condition. Multiple dimensional approaches offer a promising avenue by integrating various assessment tools and treatment modalities to address the diverse needs of individuals with brain trauma. This article explores the application of multiple dimensional methods in the care of patients with brain trauma in a confused state, highlighting their benefits, challenges, and future directions.

Alcohol consumption has been a pervasive aspect of human culture for millennia, but its detrimental effects on health are increasingly recognized. One such consequence is the accumulation of oxidatively damaged proteins in neural cells and tissues, leading to significant neurobiological repercussions. This article explores the mechanisms by which alcohol-induced oxidative stress contributes to protein damage and aggregation in the nervous system, shedding light on the pathophysiological processes underlying alcohol-related neurodegeneration. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for developing targeted interventions to mitigate the neurological consequences of alcohol abuse.

The Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) plays a crucial role in protecting the brain from harmful substances, but it also presents a formidable obstacle for delivering therapeutics to treat neurological disorders. Overcoming this barrier is a significant challenge in drug development and biomedical research. This article explores various methods employed to strengthen the BBB and enhance the delivery of therapeutic molecules to the brain. Techniques such as focused ultrasound, nanoparticles, receptor-mediated transcytosis and genetic engineering are discussed, along with their advantages, limitations, and potential applications. Understanding these methods can pave the way for innovative strategies to target neurological diseases more effectively.