Journal of Brain Research

Background: We report a case of acute hydrocephalus in a 29-year-old woman following otitis media and bilateral stenosis of the transverse sinuses.

Observation: A 29-year-old woman presented to the Emergency Department of Parma Hospital with fever, headache, photophobia, nausea and altered sensorium. The blood tests, along with the concurrent fever, raised suspicion of an ongoing inflammatory process. Brain CT revealed acute hydrocephalus, requiring urgent external ventricular drainage. Given the suspicion of meningitis, a Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) sample was obtained in the operating room, yielding negative results both in terms of culture, cytology and biochemistry. Brain MRI conducted the following day showed progressive reduction of hydrocephalus. However, signs of intracranial hypertension persisted in the posterior fossa, with dilation of the fourth ventricle and bilateral stenosis of the transverse sinuses confirmed on cerebral angiography. Third ventriculocisternostomy was performed, followed by stenting of the dominant transverse sinus, resulting in resolution of the condition.

Neurodevelopmental disorders encompass a range of conditions, including autism spectrum disorder attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and intellectual disabilities, which emerge during the developmental period, often before a child enters grade school. Recent advancements in diagnostics have significantly enhanced our ability to identify and understand these disorders early and accurately. This article reviews the latest technologies and methodologies, including genetic testing, neuroimaging and artificial intelligence driven tools, that are transforming the landscape of diagnostics. The integration of these innovative approaches with traditional diagnostic criteria is facilitating earlier interventions, personalized treatment plans and improved outcomes for individuals with NDDs. By highlighting the key advancements and their implications, this review aims to underscore the importance of continuous research and development in this crucial field of medicine.

Early intervention in pediatric neurological conditions is critical for optimizing long-term outcomes and enhancing the quality of life for affected children. This article explores the importance of early diagnosis, the range of intervention strategies available and the role of multidisciplinary approaches in managing these conditions. It delves into specific neurological disorders such as cerebral palsy, autism spectrum disorder and epilepsy, highlighting tailored intervention techniques that include medical, therapeutic and educational strategies. The article also discusses the significance of parental involvement and the use of technology in early intervention. By addressing these key aspects, the article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of effective.

Neurodevelopmental disorders encompass a range of conditions, including autism spectrum disorder attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and intellectual disabilities, which emerge during the developmental period, often before a child enters grade school. Recent advancements in diagnostics have significantly enhanced our ability to identify and understand these disorders early and accurately. This article reviews the latest technologies and methodologies, including genetic testing, neuroimaging and artificial intelligence driven tools, that are transforming the landscape of diagnostics. The integration of these innovative approaches with traditional diagnostic criteria is facilitating earlier interventions, personalized treatment plans and improved outcomes for individuals with NDDs. By highlighting the key advancements and their implications, this review aims to underscore the importance of continuous research and development in this crucial field of medicine.