Journal of Cytology & Histology

Transitional cell carcinoma in the first decade of life is an extremely rare complication. We present a 7 year-old Iraqi boy who attended our clinic with gross hematuria and diagnostic evaluations revealed transitional cell carcinoma (T.C.C). He underwent resection of lesion and was discharged well. We speculate on his possible exposure to ordnance from the Persian Gulf War.

Fat released from chicken during grilling process, as waste, is used by some low income people in Egypt in cooking as dietary fat because it is a cheap fat source compared to other fats. The present study aimed to elucidate the genotoxic and histopatholgic effects of grilled chicken fat on the liver, kidney and lymphocytes of male albino rats. Fifteen two months old male rats were divided to three groups, the first group was fed on control diet, the second and third groups were fed diets containing wasted fat at substitution levels of 50 and 100% from the fat of diet, respectively. The animals were fed ad-libtium for eight weeks. The single cell gel electrophoresis (Comet) assay is a simple and effective method for detecting DNA damage in control and treated rat cells, and results showed significant increase in tailed nuclei (DNA damage), tail moment , % DNA in the tail and tail length in liver , kidney and lymphocytes of treated groups compared to the control.In addition, both liver and kidney of treated rats showed a marked degenerative changes congestion of blood vessels in addition to loss of protein, polysaccharides and DNA content.

Background: Our aim was to study the ramification pattern of the Right posterior portal vein branch and to compare our findings to Couinaud classification of the liver. Study design: The study protocol was approved by the institutional review board and written informed consent was obtained from all patients before procedures were performed. Our study includes 104 patients, all were Chinese who underwent helical Computed Tomography during Arterial Portography (CTAP). Subsequently, 3 dimensional portograms were reconstructed to verify the ramification patterns of the portal vein. Portal branching patterns of the right hemiliver were assessed. Results: In all 104 patients examined, three distinct types of anatomical branching patterns of the Right posterior portal vein branch were observed: . Type I: In 52 patients out of 104 (50%), the Right posterior portal branch represents a single trunk forming an arch like pattern and sending multiple branches to segment 6 and segment 7, see Figure 1 and Figure 2. . Type II: In 9 out of 104 patients (9%), the Right posterior portal vein branch showed trifurcation into posterosuperior, posteroinferior, and intermediate branches. The intermediate branch occupied the segmental border between segments S6 and S7, see Figure 3 and Figure 4. . Type III: In 43 out of 104 patients (41%), the Right posterior portal branch bifurcates into Posterosuperior P7 and Posteroinferior P6 third order portal branches as described by C. Couinaud in his homonymous segmental liver classification, see Figure 5 and Figure 6. Conclusions: According to Couinaud classification, the Right posterior portal branch bifurcates into third order Postero superior P7 and Posteroiferior P6 portal branches to supply segments S7 and S6. Our findings showed however, that it happened only in 41% of the cases. In 50% of the findings, the right posterior portal branch represented a single trunk forming an arch like pattern sending multiple branches. The smallest group of 9% showed trifurcation into posterosuperior, posteroinferior, and intermediate branches. Therefore we conclude that there is a discrepancy between the Atlas model of liver segmentation and our imaging findings. Based on these findings we can consider a right lateral sector as a unique segment in 50% of cases.