Journal of Diabetic Complications & Medicine

Chronic hyperglycemia as a result of impaired insulin secretion, action, or both is the hallmark of diabetes mellitus. Microangiopathic complications, which are brought on by damage to small blood vessels and include diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy diabetic, result from these disorders. In diabetes mellitus, pathological changes in the kidneys and retina can cause these organs to be affected or even lose all function. According to and the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy ranges percent to 80 percent among individuals whose disease duration exceeds 20 this complication accounts. Additionally, cardiovascular risk increases by diabetic respectively, in patients with one or three diabetic complications nephropathy, retinopathy, or neuropathy compared to none.

Almost 90% of the human genome is made up of non-coding RNA, a specific kind of RNA transcript. A variety of biological processes, such as cellular metabolism, development, proliferation, transcription and post-transcriptional modification, are indirectly regulated by ncRNA, despite the fact that it normally does not encode proteins. NcRNAs include small interfering RNAs, PIWI-interacting RNAs and small RNAs produced from tRNA, among others. The three that have received the most attention are the miRNA, lncRNA and circRNA, which play a key role in the development of diabetes and its side effects. The ncRNAs mentioned above are associated with a variety of complications of diabetes, such as diabetic foot, diabetic nephropathy, diabetic cardiomyopathy and diabetic peripheral neuropathy, by binding proteins.

Chronic complications of diabetes mellitus include diabetic neuropathy. Diagnosis and treatment of diabetic neuropathy remain elusive due to concerns about the safety and efficacy of current treatments. Repurposing old drugs for new therapeutic approaches sounds promising, given the difficulties associated with discovering new drugs. This review focuses on the current pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments for diabetic neuropathy as well as the molecular pathways involved in its progression. In addition, a holistic and mechanism-centric drug repurposing strategy is used to identify existing medications as potential new therapies for diabetic neuropathy. Additionally, the current state of diabetic neuropathy clinical research is brought to light. In conclusion, the barriers to drug repurposing are identified to pique the researchers' interest in overcoming them and rapidly bringing the drugs to diabetic neuropathy patients.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is more likely to develop from gestational diabetes mellitus. Postpartum care should include a recommendation that the individual participate in a recognized Diabetes Prevention Program in order to either reduce or delay the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus after gestational diabetes mellitus. We are motivated to advocate for the implementation of an evidence-based program to prevent diabetes mellitus in groups of individuals with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus, given the background of prediabetes mellitus, which affects 96 million people and the rising prevalence of diabetes mellitus in the United States. We recommend that pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus participate in a Center for Disease Control and Prevention - recognized Diabetes Prevention Program during the immediate postpartum period or initial healthcare encounter to lower their risk of type 2 diabetes and potentially recurrent gestational diabetes mellitus.

Diabetic nephropathy is the most common cause of end-stage renal disease and has a significant impact not only on patients but also on society as a whole. Due to the limited availability of medical treatment, effective alternative therapeutic approaches for the treatment of Diabetic nephropathy are urgently required. Research on diabetic nephropathy has shown that curcumin, a polyphenol curcuminoid, has anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, anti-apoptotic, and anti-fibrosis properties. This review has gone over the clinical and preclinical trials, as well as the mechanisms by which curcumin affects Diabetic nephropathy. Curcumin's pharmacological effects on diabetic nephropathy may be better understood, which could lead to more effective treatments for the condition.