Environmental & Analytical Toxicology

Synthetic chemical mosquito repellents based on deet were discovered to be harmful to persons suffering from diseases such as urea cycle disorders and thus cause contraindication in humans. These worrisome conditions necessitated the search for natural mosquito repellents that is cheap, effective, non-toxic, environment-friendly, and biodegradable. The global needs inspired the passion to research on mosquito repellant gel formulation using carbopol 940 prepared from oils obtained from essential plant of lemongrass, black pepper, turmeric, ginger, nimes and garlic and further evaluating the formulated gels repellence, appearance, PH, viscosity, spread ability, and swelling index. The mosquito repellent potential was evaluated and simultaneously compared with the positive control (bnc). In many developing nations of the world including nigeria, majority of the people do not have access to mosquito net, expensive mosquito repellant creams, and miscellaneous physical methods, this optimized gel in this research were evaluated and found to be effectual, inexpensive, and easily accessible way to prevent mosquito-borne diseases with environmental friendly potential as a way of preventing outbreak of malaria, and other diseases.

The development and promotion of novel and environmentally friendly technologies are necessary to address the fairly alarming and timely issue of aquatic environmental pollution. Water pollution includes a variety of typical pollutants that can enter aquatic ecosystems by a number of different paths, including wastewater, the atmosphere, ship emissions, and a number of other sources. The majority of these harmful substances are ingested by aquatic species, where they then bioaccumulate in tissues and go up the food chain in a process called biomagnification. These methods have the potential to have negative effects on natural ecosystem biochemical processes and organism physiology, which could have an indirect negative impact on human health.

The battle between food and fuel is intensifying as renewable energy sources are promoted and gradually replace fossil fuels. Therefore, due to unfavorable circumstances like restrictions in fertilizer and water availability or the presence of contaminants like hydrocarbons or heavy metals, energy crops may be produced on unproductive marginal land. Phytoremediation, or the use of plants to extract or immobilise toxins from soil that is contaminated with heavy metals, is one possibility. The oil derived from the seeds of the annual herbaceous plant Carthamus tinctorius L. makes superior oil for use in biofuel production. It also has a deep root system.