Journal of Electrical & Electronic Systems

This paper develops a novel strategy for the expansion of the power system corridors for the release of the embedded transmission capacity. Both theoretical and practical network models are presented with a focus on power flow studies which concentrates on the steady state or static behavior of electrical power system. The methodology involves the power flow analysis revalidation of the existing standard IEEE 14 bus system and simulation using Newton- Raphson method in both MATLAB and Powerworld simulator (PWS) environment. This paper therefore establishes that an original designed network could be modified to take more loads without building new generators or transmission lines. The expansion of the existing IEEE 14 bus network to accommodate more load involves the use of static compensators incorporated at the transmission lines. This technique is then analyzed extensively when distributed along the lines through the use of a distributed capacitors compensators, (DCC). DCC can affect significant change in power line impedance to improve the power transfer capacity of an interconnected power system. The application of the DCC on the line is the tier-1 technique. The results obtained show that by applyingthe tier-1 techniques to the transmission line, the system’s capacity will remarkably improve and the transmission line will accept extra loading.

In now a days modern multi level inverters have emerged to overcome the drawbacks due to the conventional inverters. In various industries inverters with different PWM techniques have been employed to achieve good performance in the context of variable speed drives. But due to multilevel inverters the switching losses are more and the cost of the equipment is also more because of the number of devices is increased in multilevel inverters. These are some drawbacks due to the usage of conventional multilevel inverters in industries. In this proposed work a decoupled algorithm is proposed to overcome the drawbacks due to conventional inverter have been presented. The cascaded connection of asynchronous motor and two 2-level inverters at both ends of motor constitutes to open end winding induction motor drive. The characteristics of dual inverter fed open end winding induction motor drive resembles to those of conventional three level inverter. In this proposed work the performance characteristics of Induction motor with different PWM techniques like CSVPWM, DPWMMAX, DPWMMIN have been analysed using MATLAB/SIMULINK environment and to validate the results the harmonic spectra values has been listed out.

Acute power crisis in Delhi is stress on the people. Delhi dwellers suffer many problems due to power crisis. Dwellers spent a dark summer in Delhi. Apart from these problem the temperature in summer steadily rising to make their life harder. Presently Delhi has multiple problems, one is already discuss (acute electricity) and second that is storm, more than 10 tower and lines in different parts of the capital got damages. According to centre for science and environment (CSE) says that the domestic sector is the biggest guzzler of electricity in Delhi. According to newly released report of the Central Electricity Authority (CEA) on load Generation Balance Report 2015-16, Delhi consumes more electricity than the states of others. The household electricity consumption per capita is about 43 units per month against a national average of 25 CEA project Delhi, speak will cross 6,300 MW this year and 12,000 MW by 2012. While the Delhi govt. plan to reduce its dependence on the NTPC by producing its own power. There are an alternative sources of power generation in short, mid and long term basis. If solar panels be the alternative short term power source, then per unit production cost is a huge barrier in making this technology popular among the mass. But when the people installs roof top, ground solar power plant the cost of installation initially is high. The installation of roof top to get a new electricity connection power utilities. In such a situation, a solar energy rate has been proposed that will cover the solar electricity production cost, alternately called the cost recovery scheme. This rate is near about the maximum per unit rate of energy the government purchases from quick rental plants. Also, different types of solar modules have been compared. This can be a technical support for the city dwellers to who wants to buy solar panels.

Fossil fuels like coal, gas, diesel etc., used for generate electrical energy are in exhaust stage and causes pollution. This necessitates alternative sources of fuels which are renewable and non-pollutant like wind, solar, tidal to generate electrical energy. These renewable fuels cannot be supplied to generate power as required like conventional fuels, as they are naturally available and depends on environmental conditions. Hence they have to be efficiently utilized when they are available. Solar energy is the electromagnetic waves in the form of light which contains packets of energy known as photons. These photons produce electrical energy by the process known photovoltaic effect. In this paper studies are made to utilization of solar energy to produce electrical energy, for this sun-earth angular relation was found using declination angle of earth based on day number, azimuth angle, altitude angle, angle of incidence for particular location i.e., Andhra university, Visakhapatnam with latitude 17.680° N and longitude 83.320° E. Collecting radiation data for the consider site and calculating actual radiation on tilt surface by applying correction to the data collected. Simulation of solar photovoltaic panel using five parameter model of cell considering top Indian manufactured Solar Panels and estimating output DC power by using location Radiation, temperature and wind as input. Comparing output of simulation with on-line simulators like PV watts and off-line software’s SAM, PVs yst. Second part of this paper is estimation of installation cost of solar power plant, cost of generations, Performance ratio, Capacity utilization Factor, LCOE, return of investment, comparing with conventional utility rates.

This paper presents a microcontroller based approach of a mobile phone and keypad controlled door. The door can be remotely controlled either by receiving set of instructions through the mobile phone or the keypad acting as the transmitter. The design consists of four main functional modules, which include: the mobile communication, controlling, decoding and the switching module. The decoding module and controlling module are made using integrated circuit chips ensuring proper conversion of signal to binary codes, which enables the microcontroller to effectively communicate with the switching device handling opening and closing of the door. The mobile communication module act as the transceiver unit which employs the use of a mobile phone serving as the communication device between the user at one end and the door at the other end. The decoding module and the controlling module are made possible using modern integrated circuit chips ensuring proper conversion of signal to binary codes, enabling the microcontroller to communicate properly with the switching device responsible for opening and closing the door. Only the right code can open the door, in case of sending wrong codes over three consecutive times, the password will have to be reset, because the system has sensed an intruder attempts.

The multiobjective design of multichannel sample rate convertor using Genetic optimization technique is considered in this paper. This new optimization tool is based on mechanism of biological evolution. It is characterized by design of natural system retaining its robustness and adaption properties of natural systems. The objectives of multichannel sample rate convertor design include matching some desired response while having minimum linear phase; hence, reducing the time response, constant group delay, increasing bandwidth. Genetic optimization technique is also used for reducing the power consumption of multichannel sample rate convertor by optimization of coefficient of filter by scaling which are used in implementation of multichannel sample rate convertor design in FPGA implementation. After applying genetic algorithm 1 to 128 channel sample rate convertor bandwidth increased by 150%, power reduced by 62% to 85%, dynamic power reduced by 31% to 54% of conventional sample rate convertor, constant and less group delay, linear phase response, reducing time response. In an extended work the authors have tried and successfully executed the model and system upto 128 channels. The proposed model is first designed on simulink platform using Xilinx Blockset and then it is transferred on FPGA platform using system generator. The complete circuit is synthesized, implemented, simulated using Xilinx design suite.

The hetero junctions GaN based offer an excellent potential for power applications at high frequency. This is due to the important energy of the bandgap and high saturation velocity of electrons. The high mobility transistors (HEMT - High Electron Mobility Transistor) are based on the heterojunction AlGaN/GaN. Our work is the subject of an analytical study of the carrier mobility HEMTs AlGaN/GaN calculating Ionized impurities scattering, Residual impurities scattering, Interface roughness scattering, Alloy disorder scattering, dislocations scattering, Phonons and Dipoles taking into account the impact of technological parameters (doping, aluminium content) and geometric (thickness barrier, interface roughness). The results allowed us to take account of the variation of carrier density in the wells of 2D electronic gas.

In this article we offer to enhance the standard model of a bosonic superconducting cosmic string and model it in our quantum harmonic system to enable the creation of flexible (folded) quantum computers, I Phones and TVs, engineless quantum transmission and propelling devices for cars and aircrafts, super fluid propulsion, levitation and teleportation.

In this paper, the work of quantum computing and how this technology is helpful in developing future high speed processing reversible logic gates with the help of QCA. This paper describes the various reversible gates in brief by using quantum dot cellular automata. Simulation result and design of Feynman Gate is projected with the use minimum number of quantum cells in multilayer which facilitate the circuit to add more combinatorial circuit in parallel when required corresponding to the Feynman. Several researchers focuses their research on design and synthesis of efficient reversible logic gates. This paper presents the study of quantum computing and combinational circuit of some basic reversible logic gates verified through simulation using QCA designer.

With the development of intermittent energy, the impact of intermittent energy has become increasingly serious. Energy storage technology not only can be used for peak load regulation of power grid, smooth load, improving the utility ratio of electrical equipment, and reducing the power cost, but also can be used to promote the use of renewable energy, improve the system running stability, adjust the frequency, and as a means to adjust the impact of overload in the power grid. However, the selection criteria and the diversity of technologies make choice difficult. It is particularly important to select the energy storage technology scientifically. This paper gives a broad overview of the selection of energy storage technology in several multicriteria decision making domains.

Overall efficiency of high power microwave generating device depends upon input current in the form of electron beam and currents required for electromagnets. In order to increase the efficiency of device, if electromagnets are replaced by permanent magnets, overall efficiency of device shall increase. So, calculation of exact magnetic field is required. In this paper, the exact relation of magnetic field required in high power microwave generation using Backward Wave Oscillator (BWO) is found. BWO interacts with slow waves and is the most promising device to produce high power microwaves. The interaction involves the beams from high current density and the waveguide mode. An exact relation that specifically relates the various parameters of the waveguide like slow wave structures (SWS) dimensions, input beam voltage and operational frequency with axial magnetic field is derived. The derived equation gives calculation of exact values of magnetic field for focusing of beams. Theoretical and simulated work show good agreement with the previously available experimental data. So, with the derived electromagnetic wave relation exact value of magnetic field is calculated for desired frequency and power regime.

In this paper, we propose a model-following controller for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. This control system avoided the use of plant parameters by using the active disturbance rejection control method. Moreover, we propose a design method for the system, which could easily be decoupled for MIMO systems. Furthermore, the model-following controller could be designed for use when the orders of the model and the plant are different. Simulation and experimental results showed that the proposed method was robust to plant parameter variations and external disturbances.